Re: 易卜生戏剧(Hedda Gabler 完)
Posted: 2020-05-29 14:35
写完了。
我不认为 Hedda 是要跟姨妈斗争婆媳关系,而是她打心里瞧不起 Tesman 家的阶层,这本来是很正常普遍的态度,在那个时代和阶层,但她忍不住就说出口了。她就是有破坏的欲望,就算未必对姨妈有什么真的反感或对立(租房子的钱还是姨妈拿的呢),她也时不常地会让破坏欲望喷涌出来一下。就好象小时候在学校里,毫无由来她也要去欺负一下 Thea,拉她的辫子,威胁她。这种性格在男性人物里经常被描写过,以及在现实中也不罕见,走在路上看见一只蚂蚁也忍不住上去踩一脚,有时候会做出毫无意义损人不利己的事情,只是为了宣泄一下,并没有什么逻辑和因果,she just can't help herself。
Duty 这个词后面还出现很多次。当然,现代观众看牧师这个人会觉得挺滑稽的,刻板而禁欲,代表了父权社会的道德体系。他指责寡妇虽然回到了丈夫身边尽到妻子的责任,却没有尽到母亲的责任,把儿子很小就送去外国寄宿学校,让他在南方晃荡,跟艺术圈混在一起,等等,"You are in truth a very guilty mother"。Manders: It was extremely inconsiderate of you to seek refuge with me... You should thank God ... that I managed to dissuade you from your hysterical intentions ... to lead you back into the path of duty.
结婚之前仿佛社会舆论(包括牧师)对他的放浪行为倒也略知一二,但结婚之后似乎就收心了,变成一个体面的好公民,好丈夫,好父亲,好乡绅。寡妇此刻爆出真相,道貌岸然的 patriarch 其实一直私生活不检点,酗酒嫖妓,死前医生宣布他梅毒病入膏肓——虽然全篇没有提到 syphilis 这个词,全是暗示。老婆拼尽全力掩盖丈夫的糜烂行为,替丈夫运作生意打点家务什么都干,勉强维持着光鲜的表面。瞒得过别人,瞒不过家里的儿子,她不得不把儿子一早送去寄宿学校是为了隐藏他父亲的真相,也是为了不让儿子的人生观被爸爸污染。Mrs Alving: The truth is this: my husband was just as debauched when he died as he had been all his life.
Mrs Alving: If only I weren't such a miserable coward, I'd say to him: marry the girl, or come to some arrangement between yourselves. So long as there's nothing underhand.
看到这里我简直要放声大笑,跑到阳台上蹦跶几下,真是太好玩了!Mrs. Alving: Unheard of, you say? Hand on heart, Pastor Manders, do you think there aren't plenty of couples all over the country who are every bit as closely related?
Manders: ...Yes, I regret to say family life is in fact not always as pure as it ought to be. ... How you, as a mother, could be willing to allow your ...!
短短四句话里就包含了两重意思:1. 婚姻的交易本质;2. 如果女人动不动就堕落了,为什么男人不管怎么乱搞也不会被看作是堕落了?Manders: Fancy going and getting married to a fallen woman for three hundred miserable dollars!
Mrs Alving: What do you say about me then, going and letting myself be married to a fallen man?
Manders: But ... good heavens! What are you talking about? A fallen man!
Mrs Alving: Do you imagine when I went to the altar with Alving, he was any purer than Johanna was when Engstrand married her?
反正不管丈夫怎样的坏,都是老婆的错。Mrs. Alving: If people had got to know about it, they'd probably have said, 'Poor man, no wonder he lets himself go a bit, with a wife who runs off and leaves him.'"
这个话题在结尾处又一次被呼应了,知道了真相后的儿子 Oswald,知道了父亲的梅毒害死自己之后:Manders: Have you forgotten that a child is supposed to love and honour its father and mother?
Mrs Alving: Let's not generalize. The question is: Is Oswald supposed to love and honour Captain Alving?
Manders: Don't you feel your mother's heart prompting you not to shatter your son's ideals?
Mrs Alving: But what about the truth?
Manders: What about his ideals?
-------Oswald: Oh father ... father! I never knew anything about my father. All I remember about him is that he once made me sick.
Mrs Alving: What a terrible thought! Surely a child ought to love its father in spite of all?
Oswald: What if a child has nothing to thank its father for? Never knew him? You don't believe in this old superstition still, do you? And you so enlightened in other ways?
Ibsen's positively abominable play entitled Ghosts ... This disgusting representation ... Reprobation due to such as aim at injecting the modern theatre with poison ... An open drain; a loathsome sore unbandaged, a dirty act done publicly ... Candid foulness ... Absolutely loathsome and fetid ... Gross, almost putrid indecorum ..."
现代的剧作家我非常不了解,没法推荐。哎,说起来好久没去看戏了,好想进剧场呀。
在原剧本里,Brack 的威胁和控制,都是通过维多利亚时代特有的彬彬有礼的口气,拐弯抹角地说出来。这方面我挺欣赏 van Hove 把暗示的 violence 用道具给表达出来的手法,淋她一脸血,很震撼,也让 Hedda 的结局更有说服力。如果还是用客气的语言威胁人,现代很多女观众大概还会觉得,能傍一个又帅又有钱又有权的阿尔法男不是挺好么?反正你也不爱学术男。Knowing wrote: ↑2022-01-13 3:09Brack跟Hedda 在原剧本中没有直接冲突吗?那怎么处理?先入为主我无法想象。Brack ‘坏’的很有逻辑,在我看来就是上位者的化身:只要你照着他定的规则来,他显得殷勤礼貌体贴入微。一旦他的地位利益受了威胁,狰狞着呢。两张脸都不是假的。硬币的两面而已。对同志像春风般温暖,对敌人像秋风扫落叶一样无情。他要的是掌控,power. 导演是打擦边球的高手,他俩的戏肢体语言特有性张力,我作为观众都想起哄“get a room and get it over with". 最后一场Brack 一口口果汁吐的Hedda 身上血淋淋,没有任何暴力而视觉好刺激,震撼程度不亚于真动手打的一脸血,把emotional abuse 浓墨重彩的画出来了. 不然无法解释Hedda 为啥宁死不屈,对方还是个显然有chemistry 的男人。这drama ,比霸总小言高出不知道多少段位。